The earliest traces of human life in the urban area of Jajce date back to the period of Aeneolithic. Remains from the Bronze and early Iron Age (3rd to the end of the 6th century) can be found all around the town.
The mediaeval history of Jajce is associated with Hrvoje Vukcic Hrvatinic, who in 1396 was awarded the title of Conte di Jajce. That was also the first mention of the place. In the Middle Ages, Jajce was one of the biggest and most developed urban agglomerations in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
In the 15th century, Jajce became an important economic center of the Western Bosnia and the political centre and capital of the Bosnian State.
Jajce became a royal town only during the rule of Tvrtko II. In the 15th century, toward the end of the Bosnian State, Jajce became the residence of the Bosnian rulers. The royal palace in Jajce was mentioned in the historical sources dating to 1457, during the time of King Stjepan Tomas. Four years later, the last Bosnian King was crowned there, who resided in the town for two years, and was put to death there in 1463.
The history of Jajce of the second half of the 17th century was associated with the captains of the Jajce captaincy, the last of whom, up until 1832, was Sulejman-Bey Kulenovic.

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